Pathological Liars and Statement Analysis

What is a pathological liar?  Does a pathological liar know she is lying?  Can statement analysis impact our understanding of pathological lying? Does statement analysis know a pathological liar is being deceptive.









A pathological liar is one who lies consistently.  A person lies for a reason.  There may be many reasons, but they are all self-serving and generally learned habitually in childhood, during critical brain development.  When a child is not corrected for lies, they experience success which will then be repeated.  


Statement Analysis and the pathological liar. 


Statement analysis of the words used by a pathological liar show deception.  This clearly answers the question:


Does a pathological liar know she is lying?


Answer:  Yes.  If a pathological liar was merely repeating what she has heard and thought to be true, analysis would not pick up the deception or withholding of critical information done deliberately.  This is the same as a person repeating a lie, while not knowing it is  a lie.  It is not deception, but error.


A pathological liar knows that she (or he) is lying.   




From ehow. com comes this interesting article.  Note analysis/commentary is in bold type. 




People lie for different reasons. Some lie to make themselves appear more successful. Some lie to cover an embarrassing situation or to gain acceptance. Some people lie simply out of a habit that began in early childhood to reduce stress. There is medical evidence that a pathological liar has a different structure in the brain that leads him to lie more often.
1. Facts

   • There are two distinctly different types of lying. Pathological lying is manipulative lying so that the person can get his way. Pathological liars have little regard for the feelings of others or the morality of their lies. Pathological lying is frequently associated with another mental disorder. Compulsive lying is often referred to habitual and chronic lying, which is lying about many things simply out of habit. Both types of lying are believed to begin during childhood.

   Features

   • A study by Yang et al., published in the British Journal of Psychiatry in 2007, found that brain scans on pathological liars showed structural differences in the prefrontal cortex of the brain. This area of the brain controls morality, honesty and remorse. In pathological liars, this area has a higher amount of white matter and a lower amount of gray matter. In this area of the brain, white matter is possibly associated with increased brain activity, and gray matter is associated with the controls needed for moral behavior.

   Identification

   • Pathological liars often confuse truth and falsehoods and, during a structured interview, are inconsistent in their responses. Pathological liars may believe their lies are the truth. Pathological liars are intelligent, manipulative and may be self-centered. It is unknown if pathological lying is controllable by the individual. It is possible that a pathological liar may believe his lies to the point that he is delusional.
     
     Note that Statement Analysis shows deception in their statements.  For deception to exist, there must be will, which presupposes knowledge.  Pathological liars attempt to convince themselves of certain lies and may even appear confident and not have strong physiological reactions to the lie; but their language still reveals the attempt to deceive; therefore, they know they are lying, even when they appear confident as if they believe their own lies. 

   Considerations

   • There is conflicting information regarding the difference between a pathological liar and a compulsive or habitual liar. In the three different references used for this article, the definition of a pathological liar and compulsive or habitual liar often appear to be the same. The difference in brain structure, or clinical difference, may be the only true difference between pathological and habitual, or compulsive, lying.

   Potential

   • The ability to identify a pathological liar based on brain function may be of use in the criminal justice system to help determine the validity of a statement by a witness or potential suspect. There may also be value in employee screening to determine the best applicant for positions requiring honesty and trust. In the future, medications may be able to be developed to counteract the structural differences of pathological liars and provide insight into treatment options such as therapy with pharmaceuticals or simply therapy as in the case of compulsive, or habitual, lying.


Signs of Someone Being a Pathological Liar



BraggingPathological liars lie often and without reason. According to Valley Mental Health in Murray, Utah, pathological liars possess above average verbal skills and average intelligence. Pathological liars can also be charming, functional members of society that don't show their emotions or get upset quickly.


1. • For pathological liars, lying provides a boost to their often low self esteem. They brag about outlandish, grand schemes that are not likely to materialize.

   Body Language

   • When people lie, physical signs can give them away. Pathological liars, however, lie so often that they have become skilled at hiding this body language. If you have caught someone in your life in a lie and they acted completely calm about it, you might have a pathological liar on your hands.
     
     
     Note that body language experts disagree with this portion claiming that the body does reveal the deceptive practice of the pathological liar. 

   Details

   • Liars often know more about you than you know about them. If you have trouble verifying her stories, that also might be a sign that you're dealing with a pathological liar.
     
     Note:  Liars are selfish, and it is likely that you know more about them than they know about you because they talk about themselves more than anyone else.  There may be less verifiable detail, which is what I think the article it reaching towards. 

   Money

   • If someone in your life constantly needs to borrow money and is unclear about the details, it could be a sign that he is a pathological liar.

   Cruelty

   • Pathological liars find cruelty amusing. Because the liar lies to compensate for hidden low self esteem, the misfortunes of others give her relief.
     
     
     This is an excellent point

   Control

   • In order to keep a lie going, pathological liars might attempt to control the people in their lives. Liars can also be hard to extract from your life once they are there.
  

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